It is my belief that learning is unique to each individual and at times may not be easily observed. This belief does not fit neatly into the behaviorism model. In the Behaviorist model the focus is on observed behavior and not an individuals thoughts or emotions (Orey, 2001). Even though it would seem that I am at odds with this theory, after completing the readings from this week, I realize Behaviorism is alive and well in my classroom.
In this weeks media resource Dr. Orey discussed operant conditioning and the importance of re enforcement in the process of cementing desired behaviors. Pitler, Hubbell, Kuhn, & Malenoski in their book cite the value of reinforcing effort. They go on to state, "The instructional strategy of reinforcing effort enhances students' understanding of the relationship between effort and achievement by addressing their attitudes and beliefs about learning" (p. 155). Pitler, Hubbell, Kuhn, & Malenoski suggest that spreadsheet software is a good fit for students to track their effort (p. 156).
Currently I teach 4th grade and my students do have a limited working knowledge of Excel. I use a printed matrix for students to record their progress through specific subjects. The matrix lists each assignment and quiz. In addition, the matrix also lists the concept that each assignment is addressing. After a student completes a quiz or test I meet with him/her to discuss his/her score. The score is recorded on his/her spreadsheet. The spreadsheet provides positive feedback to the student proving that he/she is moving in a positive direction. Even though my students are using a paper spreadsheet I still feel this incorporates a technological element. As my students become more experienced with Excel, I plan to have them monitor their progress paper free.
Another way technology is incorporated into my classroom is as a supplement to my lessons. Once the lesson is taught students usually complete an individual worksheet. Once the worksheet is complete students access what I call website practice. I have several links that are classified by subject area. The links have different activities. Some sites have power points that a student may view, while others have interactive games. The website practice serves two purposes. First it gives added exposure and interaction with the content. Pitler, Hubbell, Kuhn, & Malenoski support this view by stating, "Multiple exposures to material help students deepen their understanding of content and become proficient with skills"(p. 188). The second purpose is it allow for the student to equate learning and fun.
Much to my chagrin I do use Behaviorism for more than simply classroom management. The matrix is a system of positive re enforcement designed to encourage the student to complete assignments. The access to website practice is also positive re enforcement as students want to use laptops.
Behaviorist Learning Theory Dr. Orey
Orey,M.(Ed). (2001) emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and technology.
retrieved from http://projects.coe.uga.edu/epitt/index/ph?title+Main_Page
Pitler, H. Hubbell, E., Khun, M., & Malenoski, K. (2007). Using technology with classroom instruction that works. Alexandria, VA:ASCD
I like the idea of printing the matrix on paper to get the students on the path to using the computer technology at a later time. I struggle with only 4 computers and no computer lab to find a way to to integrate technology. This would be something to expose them to that will lead to understanding of how to use a spreedsheet. Having students pencil in the boxes imitates the typing they would do.
ReplyDeleteSuzi,
ReplyDeleteSome of my students check their work off with xs while others highlight. It truly helps them to take on a larger share of responsibility when it comes to their learning.
Shelly,
ReplyDeleteI don't think you should feel badly about using the matrix as a form of behaviorism in your classroom. There is no harm in students getting positive reinforcement for good scores on a test. This makes them more accountable and aware of their own learning. It may not be your main method of teaching in the classroom, but it has positive outcomes when students are reaching toward a goal. -Nellie